{"id":564,"date":"2023-04-15T18:11:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T10:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/120.55.184.7\/?p=564"},"modified":"2025-04-19T00:41:10","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T16:41:10","slug":"go-%e7%9a%84%e9%99%b7%e9%98%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/?p=564","title":{"rendered":"Go \u7684\u201c\u9677\u9631\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong><code>for range<\/code>\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u526f\u672c\u9677\u9631<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728<code>for range<\/code>\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u503c\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u539f\u59cb\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u82e5\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  var out &#x5B;]*int\n  for _, v := range &#x5B;]int{1, 2, 3} {\n      out = append(out, &amp;v) \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2av\u7684\u5730\u5740\n  }\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u590d<\/strong>\uff1a\u663e\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  for i := range list {\n      v := list&#x5B;i] \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u53d8\u91cf\n      out = append(out, &amp;v)\n  }\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684Channel\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5411\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u7684Channel\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4<code>panic<\/code>\uff0c\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7<code>recover<\/code>\u6355\u83b7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65e0\u7f13\u51b2Channel\u7684\u963b\u585e<\/strong>\uff1a\u82e5\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u672a\u51c6\u5907\u597d\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u4f1a\u6c38\u4e45\u963b\u585e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8d85\u65f6\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5b50\u534f\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6cc4\u9732\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  ch := make(chan int) \/\/ \u65e0\u7f13\u51b2\n  go func() { ch &lt;- 1 }()\n  select {\n  case &lt;-ch: \/\/ \u6b63\u5e38\u63a5\u6536\n  case &lt;-time.After(1 * time.Second): \/\/ \u8d85\u65f6\u540e\u5b50\u534f\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\n  }\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u590d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684Channel\u6216<code>context<\/code>\u63a7\u5236\u8d85\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>Slice\u548cMap\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5f15\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Slice\u7684\u201c\u9690\u85cf\u201d\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9Slice\u7684\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5916\u4fdd\u7559\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  func leak() &#x5B;]byte {\n      bigData := make(&#x5B;]byte, 1e6)\n      return bigData&#x5B;:10] \/\/ \u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u4ecd\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\n  }\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u590d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>copy<\/code>\u590d\u5236\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u4e0e<code>panic<\/code>\u6ee5\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u7565\u9519\u8bef\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/strong>\uff1aGo\u9f13\u52b1\u663e\u5f0f\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565<code>error<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528<code>panic<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a<code>panic<\/code>\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u6ee5\u7528\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u8f7d\u5931\u8d25\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de<code>error<\/code>\u800c\u975e<code>panic<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>Goroutine\u6cc4\u9732<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u7ba1\u7406Goroutine\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u672a\u8c03\u7528<code>WaitGroup.Done()<\/code>\u6216\u672a\u5173\u95edChannel\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4Goroutine\u6c38\u4e45\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  var wg sync.WaitGroup\n  for _, task := range tasks {\n      wg.Add(1)\n      go func() {\n          defer wg.Done() \/\/ \u82e5\u9057\u6f0f\uff0cWait()\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\n          process(task)\n      }()\n  }\n  wg.Wait()\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e<code>nil<\/code>\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>nil<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u9519\u8bef<\/strong>\uff1a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a<code>nil<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u503c\u5747\u4e3a<code>nil<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u4ec5\u52a8\u6001\u503c\u4e3a<code>nil<\/code>\u800c\u7c7b\u578b\u975e<code>nil<\/code>\uff0c\u63a5\u53e3\u5224\u65ad\u4ecd\u4e3a\u975e<code>nil<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  var buf *bytes.Buffer \/\/ buf\u4e3anil\n  var w io.Writer = buf \/\/ w\u975enil\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a*bytes.Buffer\uff09\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. <strong><code>defer<\/code>\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u8bef\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5faa\u73af\u5185<code>defer<\/code>\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u963b\u585e<\/strong>\uff1a<code>defer<\/code>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>defer<\/code>\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u540e\u7eed\u8fed\u4ee3\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: go; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n  for _, p := range persons {\n      mutex.Lock()\n      defer mutex.Unlock() \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u9501\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u624d\u91ca\u653e\n      p.Age = 13\n  }\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u590d<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06<code>defer<\/code>\u79fb\u81f3\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u907f\u514d\u6389\u5165\u9677\u9631\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5<\/strong>\uff1a\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u5e76\u53d1\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5de5\u5177\u8f85\u52a9<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>go vet<\/code>\u548c<code>-race<\/code>\u6807\u5fd7\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ade\u4e89\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u7a7aSlice\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\uff09\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. for range\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u526f\u672c\u9677\u9631 \u4fee\u590d\uff1a\u663e\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a 2. \u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684Channe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-golang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=564"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":567,"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564\/revisions\/567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beijian99.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}